1993,Several humanities scholars in Shanghai have initiated a big discussion of "humanistic spirit",I am also among them,At that time, it caused a lot of criticism,There are controversy up and down。In the past ten years, more than ten years passed,Promoting the humanistic spirit has become a fashionable topic,Almost every school is developing activities around the humanistic spirit and humanistic education。For this topic that has become a learning,I have a little doubt。If you say,I have advocated humanistic spirit and practical human education in the past ten years.,So,If you want to say something now,I only have experience that I feel failed。
At that time, China's market economy tide was just lifted,Practice of the market economy has awakened the primitive dynamics of long -term suppressed national life,The general trend of money worship is in full swing,sweeping the land of China,Many people lost confidence in human education at that time。Everyone is chasing money rationally、Everyone is chasing the actual interests,In order to adapt to this need in ideology,The traditional ideological form is obviously shelved because of the out of order,So,Destroyer、Morality is the moral nihilism of the map permeated social consciousness,Demon factors in human nature to practice great creation through great destruction,Often play a decisive role。Many intellectuals help the flames,By criticizing the banner of public public ownership,Take some dark and humble things as a new trend magic weapon,Sacrifice to oppose noble factors in human nature。Under such a situation,The loss of humanistic spirit has caused serious damage to the spiritual world of our nation。
Discussion on the human spirit at the time was criticized by many criticisms,Someone thinks,Discussing the humanistic spirit is completely talkative,is a clear talk,Economic Development with China today、Reform and opening up、The interests of most people are against each other,Some people have used "Mantra Arms to block the car" to describe the exploration of humanistic spirit。When I participated in the debate at the time,I feel that I am straightforward,Because,There is a humanistic spirit formed after a "May 4th" in China,If our intellectuals actively maintain this combat tradition,Criticism and appeal through rational,So,We may be in our own economic development,Reviewing experience lessons in the development of developed western countries rationally。For example,,The blind development of the industry brings environmental destruction and pollution,This is a problem that no capitalist country cannot avoid。The previous developed countries were expanding the colonies,By passing pollution and other evils to the Third bet365 live casino gamesWorld bet365 live casino gamesState,Only solved this problem。This way is impossible for a post -developing country like China to repeat。So,We can only overcome and deal with some kind of limitations of scientificism through the people -oriented spirit,It is also used to curb certain blind spots in human desire。This is a socialist country that is economic.,Is there this possibility at all。
but,Later I found out,I may be too optimistic in the 1990s,Why is this a problem? Because the market is placed there,The huge profits are placed there,The danger of scientificism is not only ignored by the whole people,And even decision makers of governments at all levels are familiar with。So all the serious consequences of capitalist countries have experienced,We repeat the full receipt in the order。For example,Mr. Ruan Yisan's call for the protection of old buildings,It sounds really deafen,But he did not call for these issues now,He has been calling for a long time,And there is one earlier than him,Liang Sicheng began to appeal in the 1950s。Not said that intellectuals dare not speak,Not to say,Human education has no strength in China,strength is there,There are also real intellectuals calling there,Education there,But is there any actual effect? As a result, everyone still watched the historical relics of a piece of historical relics being destroyed,buildings with cultural heritage are demolished,A city with historical traditions is new。That is to say,When Mr. Ruan Yisan spent the strength of nine cows and two tigers, when the ancient building in a region was kept,Ancient buildings in other ninety -nine areas may have been demolished into ashes。And this protected area has also been transformed,Ancient buildings that are transformed into direct economic profits will be retained。This is the victory of capitalist money and universal,Place where human education fails。How many excellent students have been trained at Tongji University! But because those students are excellent,After graduation, they are asked to design and plan city transformation,As a result, all the things that were violated with Mr. Ruan Yisan's original desire。They have received the education of technology and science,But I may forget the education of Mr. Ruan's humanities。
This social emotion that despises humanistic education finally becomes a social trend。I give a very common example,Before the 1990s,The best students in the liberal arts of China must be the subject of humanities,Chinese、Philosophy、History,All are the highest volunteers with humanities。The most admired among scientific students is medicine,Medical College the most difficult to read,The longest learning period,Test points are also the highest。But now the best students in science do not take medicine,The best students of the liberal arts do not take humanities。Medicine is the health of protecting people,Humanities are the mental health of the maintenance person,These disciplines that are most direct with people's development,Can't attract the best students now bet365 games best slotsto bet365 games best slotsparticipate in it。So,The fate of human beings in the future is unimaginable。As a social atmosphere,The future will affect the development of our nation,This is what I feel most worried about as a professor and department director of the Chinese department。
Of course, the root of the question is not only for the volunteer,Not just a special problem in China,The lack of humanistic spirit and the failure of human education,It is a cultural crisis facing the world。I have been considering this question。I have learned German in the past,My motivation to learn German is to study such a subject: Germany is a country with excellent humanistic traditions,their education、Art、Philosophy is a holy place in our spiritual world。But the excellent humanistic tradition and humanistic education in Germany,Why not prevent the implementation of the fascist autocracy? Other countries may have encountered the same situation。So,Is it like that suddenly,The national nation falls into crazy、Extreme、Bad、Dangerous situation,No humanist stands up and hurts the disadvantages? I think someone will definitely ask a warning。but,When a crazy road gliding in history,Human education seems to fail。I have a great sense of failure on this question。Humanities will always be welcomed when peacefully,People always say "Cangxian is real and knowing etiquette"。When peaceful、When you are full,,Everyone starts to talk about culture、Etiquette、Talk about tradition, etc.,It's very good,But at a critical moment,These embellishments are gone。Similar situations in many countries in history。In 1995, I gave a speech on the human spirit in Japan,A professor at the University of Tokyo said to me after listening to it, "We have discussed these problems in the 1960s,But now it has failed,Globalization is development like this,We call again that it is also a failure,Nothing。"Pain 哉。
Why should I say that,Because this question involves how to define human education questions。For example,Some scholars hang hooks with humanistic education and social responsibility,Put forward the concept of "social responsibility is the core of human education"。I have a little different understanding of the word "social responsibility"。We have never advocated a sense of social responsibility,History of China is good,Society of reality,None of them have been advocated。If there is an unfair incident in the country: for example, the First World War。Anti -righteous war between Britain and France and Germany,At this time,The intellectuals of each country are emphasizing their responsibility to the country,All helping your government to slaughter the other party's people,So,In this case,How many factors do our social responsibility is in it? At that time, a writer Roman Roland stood up and said loudly,Intellectuals like Roman Roland,I think it is the example of the humanistic spirit worthy of our learning。He advocates humanistic spirit to all humans,The so -called human conscience。So when we call on the human spirit and human education today,There is a thing that Bet365 gamesmay have core bet365 live casino gamesvalue than social responsibility,It should be the most important part of our humanistic education,That's "people -oriented"。This is a concept of freedom of mind and sound personality。"People -oriented" is difficult to explain with a social responsibility、Limited to。 We everyone needs social responsibility,But at different historical stages,In different social environments,It has different meanings and explanations。as a humanistic spirit、Humanities Education,It has been the brutal and crazy devil factor that has been with human beings for thousands of years、A unremitting struggle with humans from the evolution of animals,This struggle is very difficult。Some scholars ask to return human education to traditional Confucian education,I thought that the Confucian tradition in China has a set of very good humanistic education traditions,Does Confucian effectively prevent the disaster under the rule of the imperial power of thousands of years? How many times to change dynasty、Internal disaster and foreign accidents are all happening in the tragic unmanline,For many years, the Chinese people have always been slaughtered、Destiny of being slavered,Chinese people have never lived a real free and democratic life,So,How can we say,Confucian cultural education in Chinese history is perfect,Is it great? Great of humanistic spirit,It is through human education,It is the salary that we said in the past,up to the water,It is to rely on our humanistic consciousness to compete on ourselves、Various animal nature and various brutal factors on our human beings。Such a self -resistance and self -redemption,Actually it is difficult to operate,Even if it will fail bleak。But it doesn't matter if it fails,In the future, some people will recover such traditions,This is called "Salary Torcho"。This is my understanding of the human spirit,It is also a understanding of human education。
So,What exactly is this human education? I also think it is difficult to express,Now all universities are exploring。Human education can also be transformed by the people into a scriptures,People in many places automatically organize,Let children read the four books and five classics; it can also be transformed into a religion、Education of morality。Big China,Nothing,Various methods have their own possibilities。But one of my fundamental understanding is -human education itself is a process from the inside to the outside,So,It is very different from general knowledge education,The latter is educated from scratch,But the human spirit is a kind of inner,or,The quality that each of us already has,A person who hasn't read a book,He also has a humanistic spirit,He also has humanistic power。For example,An ordinary people may say such a sentence,He said,"I don’t want to do this,If I do it, I am still like a person! "This is very common,Another example,"I use my personality guarantee","I use my conscience guarantee,How can I do this! "etc。means,Chinese people even if he is not literate,still a humanistic Bet365 gamesbasis,Everyone has a humanistic power,bet365 live casino bettingHumanities' factors。But because of the impact of the utilitarian social living environment around us,Make the humanistic instinct from being promoted consciously,So we still need education and learning。When a child is born,What he has received is the education of knowledge,How to taught him how to arithmetic、Chinese、English、Science,This is an education from scratch,and another aspect,How to evoke the confidence of the people deep in his heart、Human dignity、Human freedom、The sound of people、People’s ideal,This is another kind of education,This education is what we need to explore,It is not fully completed by reading the scriptures。Many of our current discussions,Basically criticized,All say, "What does the lack of humanistic education caused",There is a confidence behind this understanding,Just emphasize,The human spirit is the truth that does not prove itself,Only I have the power of humanistic education,I have the power to educate students,Infiltration to students- "What should you do。"" I think this is the fundamental wrong concept,The biggest feature of human education,It is to pass a humanistic example,or through a classic library,or a real problem,Inspiration,to evoke a self -confidence and dignity of our young people for themselves,Encourage them to yearn for beautiful,This is an education that evokes the humanistic consciousness of students from the inside out。As for what specific methods we should use,In what scale, let everyone fully enjoy the freedom of the soul,I think this is a question worthy of in -depth discussion。
Last,I briefly talk about a point of view: Our current college education has a lot of ills,It is the educated people staring at the market,The so -called education industrialization,It is to simply understand the training of students as employment talents to the market。Of course, student employment is very important,But except for this utilitarian purpose,As an educator,As a leader of a school,or the manager of the education department,He should have an ideal,It must be imagined what Chinese society will be in 20 years,What kind of nation is our nation after 20 years,Because our educational results have no way to get verified immediately。We are engaged in college rankings today,Comparison is nothing more than there are a few key disciplines,How much money is there,How many national projects can I get,Created a few high -rise buildings,Published a few papers,etc.,It's nothing more than something external,I think this is actually not the most scientific inspection indicator。University is a unit for training talents,The most important indicator is that two decades later,Which school trained students played an important role in the future development of the country,Do they have the role of the mainstay in various disciplines and fields。With this vision,You can provide services to society after 20 years,For the social needs to provide talents for the society after 20 years。This is the most important indicator of our education,Bet365 Casino loginBut this indicator has not Bet365 gamesbeen emphasized in many today's research on education,Everyone is dealing with the evaluation and inspection in front of you。This is fundamentally reversed。