(Wen Rimin, June 12, 2013)
Once once,We are worried about adhering to the "ivory tower" for the university,But today,When the university opens her arms to the society,When you no longer get rid of real life,The invasion of some social atmosphere allows us to explore the deserved meaning of the university。Professor Wen Rimin uses simple and vivid language,From the perspective of college academic and talent training, the university should return to its original meaning,It is worth thinking about。
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If you do n’t know and persist in the university ’s“ original meaning ”,Not on the "big market" of undergraduate education,If you just want to cast some money, you will produce talents,So the so -called "innovative talent" is just bubble
The original meaning of the university is to cultivate talents,Training of undergraduates,is the basis of the entire university education。Students at this age are entering adulthood,Golden time in life,Their outlook on life、World View,Academic interest、Knowledge structure and future development direction,Mainly established during this period。Can a person who has been educated systematically educated form a sound personality psychology,Can you develop good learning habits and continuously improve yourself behavior mode,Can you have the basic knowledge and abilities needed for future career development or enter the scientific research institute,to a large extent depends on the undergraduate stage。So from the perspective of talent training,In various stages of education,Undergraduate is undoubtedly the most important。Compared to professional -based graduate education,Undergraduate education is more basic,It is a whole person education、Professional education based on general education,Discipline scale requirements should be more complete,Teachers and other aspects of education investment must be more,Need work cooperation,Need a considerable academic accumulation and "small environmental climate",Overall, the cost of education is higher,and "results" are more difficult。If a major has one or two teachers with Bet365 gamesbet365 live casino bettingstrong academic strength,There are corresponding teaching conditions,Master or doctoral students with good potential,Writing a good thesis for several years,or win important projects,It's not difficult to do。But to do a certain undergraduate department for,Some excellent talents can be cultivated among students,It requires a lot of academic accumulation,It is difficult to do it in the short term。Which university is an outstanding talent from,People generally pay more attention to their undergraduate,instead of graduate students。What rewards have a university get,How many papers are there,What kind of projects have you been? People may not remember,But which outstanding talents are from which university and department,Everyone is still clear at a glance。So,Undergraduate teaching should be the core standard of a university level。
The question is that this principle is now generally ignored。Impatient psychology,Let many university managers look up at,They all want more doctoral points、Key disciplines and projects,Struggle and fight,Most universities can train graduate students and even have PhDs,The energy of the university is almost placed on the doctoral point and scientific research projects,Undergraduate teaching is getting more and less attention,As a result, the doctoral master's degree is more and more,"The radish is almost not washing the mud",Quantity to quality,The decline in training level is an indisputable fact。Undergraduate,Say it is general education,In fact, the teacher’s mind is mostly on scientific research data,Few people care about the training of college students。The "original meaning" of the university gave up like this。Now I always call "innovative talent" training,If you do n’t know and persist in the university ’s“ original meaning ”,Not on the "big market" of undergraduate education,If you just want to cast some money, you will produce talents,So the so -called "innovative talent" is just bubble。
How can I change the atmosphere of the university's quick success and profit,Pay attention to undergraduate education? The key is that the education management and academic management department must reform the existing evaluation system,No dissertation、The number of projects is fixed,Do not engage in a knife and cut,Let the importance of undergraduate education、Schools and departments with unique features,Have a sense bet365 live casino gamesBet365 Casino loginof accomplishment,Get benefits。This problem has been noisy for many years,We need to reflect seriously,Decisive to promote reform。
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The university is being wrapped in the so -called "review culture",The academic evaluation follows "human feelings"。Life is good,Life is good,But if you do it, you will feel boring
20 years ago,Master's or Doctoral Thesis review is very serious,At that time, the review system was not as strict as it is now,Mainly depending on the consciousness of teachers。At that time, most professors still had awe of academic dignity,Dare to "put water" easily。Remember that I graduated from the Chinese Department of Peking University in 1981,All 19 students in the whole department,3 digits if the defense is not approved。Criticism and debate of the real knife and real gun at the defense meeting,Is normal。The overall level of the dissertation at that time is high,One of the reasons is that there are strict reviews。
and now although there are review systems,For example, anonymous review of doctoral dissertation,But it is often in virtual。Doctoral dissertations in some schools provide foreign trials,The list of reviewers may be specified by the instructor themselves,All are the fellows of "good talk",Invited review experts,Also understand who guided the paper,I don't declare my heart,I can only say something to compliment to the dissertation,Few quality is too poor and stuck。This level is fictional。At the second level,Enter the paper and answer,This time is face -to -face with the mentor,It's even more guest,Even if there is criticism,Also "Little Scolding Big Help",Few people dare to adhere to the principle,Vote the vote for incompatible papers。Some teachers think that the defense is actually helping people,If you persist in principle,A vote of objection to non -qualified papers,or criticism is too powerful,Afraid of the defense of your own students in the future, you will "lose money"。I had to follow the academic evaluation to "human feelings",Life is good。result,Few doctoral dissertations are not approved when reviewing and defense。The review system is placed there,Experts participating in the review may also be learned,But everyone is restricted by this atmosphere of "human feelings",Even in the face of poor papers,In the end, let it pass。Experts can only follow the big current,If you have a strong learning,It seems unsuccessful,so that who is serious bet365 games best slotsin learning,The less you Bet365 gamesinvite him to review。What about students,Just see the so -called review and defense,The sense of dignity of academic dignity is gone。This is the so -called "review culture"。
In fact, it's not just a degree thesis review,In other respects, such as teaching review、Project review、Title review,etc.,Similarly,All are wrapped in this "review culture"。
In this "judge culture" atmosphere full of harmonious discounts,No matter how good the system,It is also a virtual。Is there a way to suppress this bad atmosphere from the system? good for everyone,Life is good,But if you do it, you will feel boring。I read the article "Intellectuals,With independence as the first meaning ",Call for the exploration and protection of knowledge,Similar reminders have been a lot,It is still very touching now when it reads。Many scholars have greatly respected Chen Yinque's "independent spirit" in these years,But where is independence? Is it only in the imagination of rebellion reality?,Do we all give up the necessary "independence"?
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Outlook on Life、Training of World View,It was originally the meaning of the question of college education,Even more important than knowledge acquisition,But the snobbish concept that people learn to make a living are emptying the cornerstone of university culture
and the 1950s and 1960s comparison,Even college students who are from the beginning of reform and opening up,Now college students seem to be too worldly、Smart。It can be said that there is "four majorism" popular today,Including individualism、Gold Benefit、Allegationism and vulgar realism,It is full of many university campuses。Why? Of course, it is related to the entire climate environment,But review from school education,There are also direct reasons。
Why go to college? Entry education may also tell some of the principles of some great truths,The concept of running a school is a pragmatism,This cannot not affect the growth of students。I lecture at a university in the south,A freshman student complained to me: they went to the first lesson of college,It turned out to be the teacher of the "Employment Office",What is about how to find a job。This classmate said,God,I can't breathe by the college entrance examination in middle school,So easy to go to college,Stress of employment again soon! This classmate's complaint,It is worth thinking about the manager of our university。Although the employment of college students is indeed a big problem,The Bet365 Casino loginschool cannot ignore,But bet365 live casino bettinguniversity education is controlled by the indicators and needs of "employment",Lost the original meaning of college education。Under this kind of completely practical and practical atmosphere,How can I have a place to save ideals?
Also,Old ideological and political education that we pay attention to for many years,The method is stiff,Can't answer students' doubts for real questions,It is difficult to help students to build a big ideal。School of class,Under the class, it may be disrupted by the vulgar air immediately。Require students to understand the history and status of the national nation,Education of patriotism,Is a necessary。In our socialist country,Education of core values to students,Also necessary。But it cannot be stiff、Forced "Intreting",Can't be a high -headed lecture,By separated from reality,It must be fully considered the feasibility accepted by a new generation of students。
More importantly,Education needs to increase the worldview、Outlook on Life、The weight and content of the values,Provide spiritual nourishment for the comprehensive development of human beings。Outlook on Life and World View,Determine the basic view of the meaning of the entire life and world value,Including the meaning of life、True, good and beautiful、The essence of life and death、Human and Nature、Humanity and Society、Social fair guidelines、The bottom line of ethics,etc.,These problems are the origin,Involved in the basic views of life and society,Some are still rich in philosophical meanings,Involved the ultimate care。Discussion and exploration of these origins,also guide the outlook on life、Establishment of World View,It may fundamentally determine the pursuit of a person's life and its ideological behavior mode。This outlook on life、Training of World View,It was originally the meaning of the question of college education,Even more important than knowledge acquisition。We should reflect on our ideological education,Find a way to increase the effectiveness of ideological education,Education of vigorously strengthening students' views of life。Maybe we cannot change the entire society's fashion,But at least the university should have some ideals,Some pursuit,How much can we assume the responsibility of the spiritual high ground。
(Author is a famous scholar,Shandong University specially -appointed liberal arts first -level professor,Director of the Chinese Department of Peking University)