Luan Ni，Teacher of the Institute of Chinese Language and Literature of our college，Visited to the National Institute of Oriental Languages and Cultures in France from March 2011 to February 2012。The picture on the left shows the author in front of Paris City Hall。
March 2011，I embarked on a journey to study at the National Institute of Oriental Languages and Cultures in France，At that time, my heart was full of anxiety about life in a foreign land。2012 is the time when the grass grows and the orioles fly，I returned to Shandong University，Wandering in the brand-new campus，What I feel at the moment is strange yet familiar，And campus life in France is drifting away。Calm down，When I want to reminisce，I just realized it，I have been busy adapting over the past year，Busy to integrate，Busy picking up，I didn’t even have time to summarize and sort out my study abroad life。
Reviewing the study tour in the past year，Basically conforms to the four stages of cross-cultural communication in applied linguistics: brief excitement stage，Culture shock stage，Gradual adaptation stage，Immersion and integration stage。
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Summary:I saw it at this time、Appreciate everything you encounter、Enjoyment。
New to a new environment，Facing the new landscape、Crowd，Even diet、Customs，Feeling fresh and excited is inevitable。Especially Paris，It is a metropolis in the world，Whether it’s the black or white face coming your way、Romantic kisses between lovers can be seen everywhere on the streets、The elegance of people’s gestures，Or the beautiful city scenery、Museums everywhere、The magnificent cathedral、Rows of street cafes，I can’t help but be amazed by this new arrival、Feeling fresh、Feeling excited。
What excites me the most is the National Institute of Oriental Languages and Cultures where I am visiting，I am as amazed by its long history as it is now。
Institute Nationale des Langues et Civilisations Orientales，French abbreviation INACLO，referred to as "Eastern Language" in Chinese) is located on the picturesque Seine River。This language college with a history of more than 200 years currently teaches 93 languages in the world (it is the university that teaches the most languages in the world)，This includes Chinese, which is spoken by hundreds of millions of people、Russian，Also includes Eskimo, a language spoken by only over 100,000 people，It has gone far beyond the scope of the early Eastern languages。It is widely engaged in the history of countries on five continents、Geography、Social system and politics、Teaching and research in various fields of economic and social life。It has 11 departments (Africa、South Asia、Southeast Asia and the Pacific、Japan、China、Arabic、Hebrew、Eurasia、Russian department、Central and Eastern Europe、American Languages and Cultures)，and 22 research centers。His research majors cover all teaching fields，Except Linguistics，And information technology、Literature、History、Culture、Geography、Economy、Art、Society、Race, etc.。It cultivates talents at all levels，From a junior college student similar to China to a doctorate in Sinology，From a French middle school Chinese Bet365 Casino loginteacher to a staff member of the French Embassy in China。Existing academic education，There is also vocational education。It can be said to be a veritable language kingdom。
Since the school first opened Chinese classes in 1841，INACLO’s Chinese language teaching has a history of nearly 170 years。Currently，INACLO’s Chinese Department is one of the departments with the largest number of registered students in Eastern languages，More than 2,000 registered students。More than 50 teachers，Several of them are world-famous sinologists，Isabelle Rabut、Catherine Despeux、Joel Bellassen, etc.。The Chinese Department has a fairly sound academic system，And equipped with a set of courses that are suitable for it，Currently can be awarded bachelor degree、Master’s to PhD degree certificates and corresponding diplomas。
Especially the library that INACLO took ten years to build，The collection of text materials includes nearly 350 languages and dozens of scripts，Involves almost all writing systems known in the world，It’s simply jaw-dropping！Moreover, the Oriental library is integrated into one large building with more than 20 libraries of 8 other higher education institutions in Paris，Also adjacent to the National Library of France。Be here，Describe this feeling as facing a vast ocean of knowledge，I don’t think it’s an exaggeration at all。
Hearing and seeing all this，This makes me so excited that I just came to Dongyu。To study in such a world-renowned language school，I wish I could fall into its arms immediately，Greedyly taking all its nutrients for yourself。
But after a short period of excitement，The huge French language barrier is ruthlessly placed in front of me。I didn’t even have time to enjoy the freshness of the foreign country，He threw himself into the intense study life in a hurry。
Culture shock stage:
Summary:The time is mainly within the first two or three months after arriving in France。Performed by being unable to cope with the difficulties of life and study。Every day I experience frustration and anxiety and worries about studying and living in France。
Culture shock is an inevitable psychological phenomenon that occurs in cross-cultural communication，It is also an inevitable stage in cross-cultural communication。American anthropologist Kalvero Oberg thinks，Culture shock refers to the psychological discomfort that occurs when a person first enters a new cultural environment that is different from their native culture，is "due to the loss of familiar social signals or symbols，A deep anxiety disorder caused by unfamiliarity with the other person’s social symbols”。Actually, it refers to people being in a foreign culture，Learning now、A psychological reaction that occurs when encountering another completely unfamiliar culture in work or life，From feeling awkward to uncomfortable，From mild irritability、The phenomenon of being agitated to the point of deep psychological panic and crisis。
The first is the difficulty in life。The French have extraordinary national pride，Exhibited in the use of language，Strongly reject all other languages，Even in English。Even in some foreign affairs activities involving foreigners，They all take it for granted that they should speak French。So one can imagine，For me, who only learned one or two hundred hours of French before coming to France，Almost every step out is a setback: from taking the bus to buying groceries，From applying for a bank card to applying for a residence permit，Even if you can understand it, you can’t understand it。
The second is of course study。Because my research direction is teaching bet365 online betting appChinese as a foreign language。My tutor is also a sinologist。Based on my past teaching experience, I originally thought that after arriving in France, relying on Chinese and English would not be a big problem。But even in “Eastern Language” which teaches 93 languages, all language courses are taught in French，So even if I go to the Chinese Department to take Chinese classes，The professors are all Chinese，You will still encounter the problem of French language barrier。This is English for those from childhood to college，Speaks all in Chinese，I am not familiar with French at all，The difficulty is self-evident。There is no other way，Only the stupid bird flies first。So preview before class，Recording during class、Communicate with the teacher in English after class、Use GOOGLE after class、French assistant translation handout recording、Take an electronic dictionary with you at any time to look up the words you see, etc.，French anyway、French、Still in French！It became the most important part of my life after I first came to France。It wasn’t just daytime at that time，Even in my dream I am memorizing French words。At one time I felt like I was just here to learn French！However，In this stumbling process of learning French, I slowly adapted to the life of a visiting student in France，Learning and scientific research are gradually getting on the right track。
Gradual adaptation stage:
Summary:About three or four months later，I started to walk out of INACLO campus，Draw nourishment from all aspects of French society。Including French middle and high schools、Chinese School、Various libraries、Data Room，Also began to engage in language research under the guidance of the tutor。
My major is applied linguistics，My research direction during my visit was “Research on Chinese and Chinese Teaching in the Context of Overseas Communication”。My supervisor Mr. Bai Lesang is the first doctoral supervisor in Chinese teaching methods in Europe。When I first came to France，Mr. Bai Lesang was not in a hurry for me to conduct research on the topic，But first listed a thick list of reading books and materials as well as a list of lectures，With this research purpose, let me first go to various schools to observe courses at different levels，Including language education courses (such as conversation of INACLO Chinese Department、Listening、Ancient Chinese、Ancient Chinese social system and culture, etc.) and vocational education courses (such as translation、International Trade、International relations, etc.)，Also includes public French middle and high schools such as lycée Janson de Sailly、collège Jules VallèsObserve Chinese elective courses for middle school students (French middle schools offer 6 language elective courses for students)、Go to Paris Qingtian Association Chinese School and European Times Cultural Center Confucius Classroom to observe different levels of education、Chinese classes and English courses for different education targets。In addition to systematic and in-depth study of applied linguistics courses，To learn more about the practice of overseas Chinese teaching，Collect information for the next "Research on Chinese and Chinese Teaching in the Context of Overseas Communication"。
This period，In addition to observing courses in various schools at all levels、Questionnaire、Statistical data，I’m still out of school，To the National Library of Mitterrand、Centre Pompidou Library、Wilson Avenue Chinese Library and other collection and inquiry information，And soon took "Application of PODCAST in Teaching bet365 games best slotsChinese as a Foreign Language" as a research goal under the guidance of the instructor，After sufficient preliminary preparations and several discussions with the tutor, I began to write the research paper (the paper has been published by the Peking University Teaching Journal)。
Immersion and integration stage:
Summary:At this stage，I started to study and research more calmly while thinking calmly，And expand the scope of study tours to the wider French and even European society。
I very much agree with the ancients’ concept of study tours: read thousands of books and travel thousands of miles。I know it too，The purpose of the state-funded study visit for me is not entirely to learn on-campus knowledge and improve research capabilities。So in addition to attending classes on campus、Writing a paper，I began to stride towards a wider world。I participated in the 30th World Language Expo，As a volunteer, take the opportunity to gain a broad understanding of the current development status of Chinese teaching and scientific research overseas；Using the advantage of the tutor’s status as French General Superintendent of Chinese，I attend the French Confucius Institute regularly、Various lectures and training activities organized by the Confucius Classroom at the European Times Cultural Center，Continuously improve your business level。I also used the holidays to go to the Orsay in France、Rodan、Balzac、Picasso and other museums、Centre Pompidou，Even Humboldt University in Berlin, Germany、Visiting the University of Warsaw in Poland，Strive to broaden your horizons，Understand the latest trends in world education。
I have always believed，Different countries and nationalities，There is no distinction between good and bad。Can exist，There must be something reasonable。But I also believe it，Going out is to learn and improve ourselves，Both for me and our school、Countrywise。Therefore，If you let me summarize it，I think，One year，In addition to my own academic and cultural improvements，The following points about French society may also be worth our thinking and learning:
First, an open learning environment.
“Openness” is my most profound feeling about French campuses.
The first is the student’s independent learning and management model: learning or not、What to learn and how to learn，It is entirely up to the students to decide。Take INACLO as an example，Students in the Chinese Department must complete 20 courses (including 13 compulsory courses) in the first three years (the schooling system is four years)，Get 160 credits，It is possible to obtain a junior diploma (equivalent to a bachelor's degree)，Then complete 8 courses in the fourth year，40 credits，Only in order to finally obtain a university diploma equivalent to a Chinese undergraduate degree。It should be said that there is a lot of pressure。And like most French universities，The school basically does not provide accommodation，Most students live outside the campus，Reviewing in class and after class basically relies on self-discipline。French universities do not have a domestic grade repetition system，As for when to graduate，It depends on when the student completes the credits，Not when to enroll。So it’s simply not feasible to waste time。Because of this，In class，The teacher answers questions without naming names，The classroom atmosphere is still very lively，Because students who come to class want to pass this class in the exam，They don’t need preaching and discipline to learn。
The second is the course setting。Not only French universities have set up a large number of interprofessional bet365 slotselective courses，Even secondary schools (junior and high school) in France offer elective courses to students。For example, French secondary schools offer six foreign language courses to students，Except English is compulsory，Spanish、German、Spanish、Chinese、Italian can be taken as an elective。
Third，is a library resource。France has a large number、A library with rich book resources、Data Room，Existing country，There are also educational institutions，Also private。But most libraries、The data rooms are open to all public free of charge，And many of them have no identity restrictions，No certificate required，Register to enter。And the public can also call、Request free information from the library via email。This open attitude to the public and a model without barriers to entry，Ensures that resources can be maximized，It also fully realizes the sharing of resources across society。It can be said to be the greatest contribution to improving the quality of the entire nation。
Second, focus on efficiency.
Reflected in the following details:
The number of days of French paid vacation in a year，The most in the world，There are 38 days (China only has 11 days)。Many people seem to have the impression that the French are lazy，It seems like I drink coffee and bask in the sun every day。But a worldwide survey shows，The French have the highest work efficiency。This is easy to understand，You can take so many days off in a year and still maintain the normal functioning of society，Of course the efficiency is high。Take the first step of doing things in France，rendez-vous (i.e. reservation)。Looks like the French are procrastinating，Every small thing needs to be made in advance，But little does he know，It depends on prior reservation，So that the party doing the work does not have to waste time due to lack of preparation or long queue after arrival，Also allows the other party to have sufficient time to prepare and provide the most effective cooperation at the scheduled time。It is truly efficient。
Also，Nearly everyone in France has a notepad，The specific time of the things to be done in the future is clearly marked above，Big business negotiations，As small as dining with relatives，Keep track of time，Let the French have fun during their holidays，Work with all your strength。
Also，There are many internationally renowned universities in France，Sorbonne University for example、Sciences Po、National Academy of Administration、INACLO etc.。But compared with the appearance of many domestic universities，With a long history, many of them still maintain the low school buildings from many years ago，Or hide in the narrow streets，Even the classrooms are scattered throughout Paris，Even temporarily rented，But this does not affect their academic height in leading the world。If you are in it，Only you will find out，The software and hardware they use for teaching are absolutely unambiguous，Having first-class teachers，There are also first-class test equipment。As for appearance，They don’t feel the need to make it as grand as the Louvre。
Of course，Except the above two points，France has a lot to learn from，For example, a social atmosphere of integrity、Pursuit of freedom、The value concept of equality、Promote a social atmosphere of fraternity and mutual assistance, etc.。Yes，France as it has been for hundreds of years，Always based on its thoughts and culture，Instead of military and economic，Leading the whole world，It is worth learning。
The picture above shows the author’s mentor: Sinologist Joel Bellassen (left) bet365 slotsand INACLO’s current principal Jacques Legrand