June 7, 2:00 pm，Professor Liu Xuguang, Dean of the School of Liberal Arts of Shanghai University, gave an academic lecture entitled "On the Operating Mechanism of 'Aesthetic'" in Room 906, Building A, Zhixin Building。Lecture given by the Vice Dean of the School of Liberal Arts of Shandong University、Hosted by Professor Yang Jiangang of the Literary and Aesthetics Research Center，Professor Han Qingyu and more than 30 master’s and doctoral students from inside and outside the school participated in this lecture。
The beginning of the lecture，Professor Yang Jiangang welcomed the arrival of Professor Liu Xuguang，And briefly introduced his research field、Representative academic achievements and his deep relationship with the Literary Aesthetics Research Center。
Later，Professor Liu Xuguang starts from the perspective of aesthetic research，Believe that aesthetic research must carry out mechanism construction，Answers to fundamental questions，Instead of dissolving the original ready-made concepts，Return to empiricism。Continue，Using the kettle on the table as an aesthetic object，Professor Liu Xuguang raised the topic of this lecture - "What is aesthetics？”
Professor Liu Xuguang believes that Kant provided the most fundamental principles for modern aesthetics in "Critique of Judgment"，That is, aesthetics is an act to achieve a certain purpose。Therefore，In terms of specific aesthetic activities，First of all, it is a temporal process。In this process，Various abilities are unified into a purposeful structural whole for the purpose bet365 online gamesof "aesthetics"，And collaborate and transform with each other。The aesthetic mechanism governs all abilities as a whole, making aesthetics an independent and self-disciplined human behavior。
Next，Professor Liu Xuguang discussed in detail the specific operating mechanism of aesthetics。He believes that when aesthetic behavior occurs，The aesthetic subject must first enter an aesthetic state。In the history of aesthetics，Phenomenological aesthetics and Kantian aesthetics provide two different perspectives to explain this state。Phenomenological aesthetics believes that the aesthetic state is pure intuition of objects，Kantian aesthetics believes that the prerequisite for aesthetics is to view things with love。For both views，Professor Liu Xuguang believes that pure intuition will lead to the occurrence of "aesthetic indifference"，Hui Ai presupposes that everything that is perceived has "lovable and lovable qualities"，Provides a prerequisite for aesthetics with a positive attitude。So，The emergence of love and love marks the starting point of aesthetics。Then，Professor Liu Xuguang takes a painting depicting ancient pines on the side of Renfeng Peak as an example，Proposes that the aesthetic appreciation of the "qiu vigorous and strangely rising" state of the ancient pines in the painting should be to "observe the weather first"。Therefore，The first step in aesthetic development is neither the integration from part to whole，It is not a logical evolution from analysis to synthesis，It starts with the overall control of the object。This kind of unification can also be called aesthetic unification，It is essentially a subjective reflective judgment of purposiveness，The effect to be achieved is the pleasure of the soul。The results people obtain through it can be divided into two categories，From the perspective of things, it is "spiritual bet365 online betting appoutlook"，From the perspective of the subject, it is "aesthetic concept"。
However，Professor Liu Xuguang further proposed，The generality obtained through aesthetic unity is hazy，Therefore aesthetics must be embodied，So as to implement the analysis and perception of various intuitive structural factors。Expand，The first path to identify and analyze the results of aesthetic unification is "perceptual intuition"。Perceptual intuition can be divided into intuition about the material of the object and intuition about the form of the object。In this intuition，The overall feeling obtained by aesthetic integration will be guided by form and material，Reified into a special "aesthetic emotion"。So，Aesthetics moves towards the second development path，That is, "emotional experience"。Experience is not only the direct perception of the external world by the knowing subject with its body，It also includes the freedom of imagination and the vigorous state of emotion。In addition，Experience also refers to the personal feelings of life and the subject’s understanding of existence in the world。So in experience，Emotion、Imagination and individualized knowledge and reflection merge together，Forget both things and me，fusion of affection。Equating aesthetics with emotional experience，It is to regard mind-body sensing and life response as part of aesthetics。This kind of emotional experience uses physical and mental experience to enrich the overall feeling obtained by aesthetic control，And ultimately leads aesthetics to a touched physical and mental state。In addition，While intuitively and experiencing objects，Aesthetes can also adopt a cognitive attitude toward objects，This is the third development path of aesthetics, "Cognitive Pleasure"。In aesthetic activities，As long as rational cognition obtains pleasure，will be included in the aesthetics。Historically bet365 online sports betting appspeaking，The cognitive behaviors that will be included in aesthetics are usually the following four: understanding of the "perfection" of things、Discovery of the uniqueness and novelty of objects、Acquisition of a sense of reality and cognition of concepts。These four cognitions establish the cognitive dimension of aesthetics，Enables aesthetics to convey meaning and value，Thus, aesthetics has gained a cultural status parallel to philosophy and religion。
After discussing the three paths of aesthetic development，Professor Liu Xuguang pointed out，What must be answered in constructing an aesthetic mechanism is the relationship between the three aesthetic paths。To this，He believes that these three are progressive，It is also an interactive free game。But it is worth noting，This kind of free play does not mean the end of aesthetics。After aesthetics unfolds from three paths，Usually pleasure in form、The joy brought by emotional touching、Get one of the cognitive pleasures。But this form of pleasure is not the final form of aesthetics，The uniqueness and prescriptiveness of aesthetics lies in，It will eventually realize its own autonomy in a state of sympathetic reflection and pleasure。As the final link of aesthetics，Sympathetic reflection includes the interaction between reflective judgment and physical and mental reactions。In sympathetic reflection，The existence of the object is revealed，and affirmed，The subject’s mind gains freedom and self-affirmation。With the help of reflective judgment，The ideals and values of subjectivity are finally revealed and communicated。
Last，Professor Liu Xuguang set up a mathematical expression formula for the aesthetic mechanism，This formula is: A×B×（C+D）+X（0-10）≤100。Among them，A stands for Hui Ai (0-2)，B stands for aesthetic control Bet365 Casino login(1-2)，C represents the sum of three different aesthetic abilities (0-70)，X represents imagination (0-10)，D stands for reflective judgment (0-10)。He believes that this method shows that aesthetic behavior is not an intuitive and instinctive innate reaction，It is learned in social history、Advanced human spiritual activities composed of many links。Human beings do not rely on instinct to appreciate the world，Rely on upbringing、Ideal、Mind、Emotional and spiritual pursuits。Therefore，Aesthetics cannot be replaced by artificial intelligence，It is not something that neuroscientists can analyze。Aesthetics is a mysterious and selfless spiritual realm that the humanities want to defend。
In communication session，Students present asked whether aesthetics must be based on pleasure，Such as nausea、Can experiences such as ugliness be aestheticized，We had a lively and positive exchange and interaction with Professor Liu Xuguang on issues such as how to evaluate the dopamine aesthetics of popular culture。
Professor Han Qingyu expressed his gratitude to Professor Liu Xuguang for his wonderful speech on behalf of teachers and students，He believes that Professor Liu Xuguang has internalized many boring theories into his thoughts，Approaching aesthetic issues from daily aesthetic experience has great implications for our academic research。This method can make the article have theoretical depth，Emotional。To this point，The lecture ended successfully with warm applause。